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Residency by Investment Programs
Fifteen residence and golden visa routes across Europe, the Middle East and beyond. Several have changed their rules in the past year, and one has closed outright, so each page leads with the current legal position.
Residency by investment moves faster than most people expect. Spain closed its Golden Visa in April 2025. Portugal removed the real estate route and, in May 2026, nearly doubled the residence period required for citizenship. Latvia's governing law is being rewritten as this page is published, with a text the President has already sent back to Parliament once. None of that shows up if a page only lists a country's headline investment figure.
We advise on each program below as independent counsel, separate from the funds, developers and agents that administer them. Where a route has closed, or a rule has changed recently, the corresponding page says so before it says anything else.
Europe
Portugal Golden Visa
Real estate no longer qualifies. Fund investment remains the main route, and a May 2026 law lengthened the residence period required for citizenship.
View program →
Portugal HQA
A university-linked route for academics, professionals and entrepreneurs, with residence cards typically issued in 4 to 6 months.
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Greece Golden Visa
Real estate from €250,000 or fund investment from €350,000, with a renewable five-year permit and Schengen access.
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Spain Golden Visa
The investor route closed to new applicants in April 2025. Existing holders keep transitional rights, and separate residence options remain open.
Read the current position →
Malta Residency
Property from €375,000 covers up to four generations on a single application, with a realistic timeline of 8 to 14 months.
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Hungary Golden Visa
A real estate fund route from €250,000 or a €1,000,000 donation, with a ten-year renewable permit and no minimum stay requirement.
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Italy Golden Visa
The Investor Visa for Italy starts from €250,000 in a qualifying startup, with no property purchase required and a 2-year permit renewable for 3 more.
View program →
Latvia Golden Visa
Business investment from €50,000, though the governing law is under revision after the President sent it back to Parliament in June 2026.
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Monaco
No fixed investment threshold applies. Approval turns on proof of accommodation and financial self-sufficiency rather than a set contribution.
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Türkiye Digital Nomad
A remote-work route open to nationals of a published list of eligible countries, requiring a minimum monthly income of $3,000.
View program →Middle East & Other
Northern Cyprus
No fixed minimum property value, though the governing framework has been amended repeatedly through 2025 and 2026.
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Dubai Golden Visa
A property or capital route from AED 2 million, with renewable terms of up to ten years and no personal income tax.
View program →
Saudi Arabia
Seven distinct residence products as of 2026, ranging from fixed-fee options to category-based routes for investors and skilled professionals.
View program →
United Kingdom
The Innovator Founder visa replaced the Innovator and Start-up visas in April 2023 and removed the fixed £50,000 investment requirement.
View program →
USA EB-5
A green card route requiring $800,000 in a targeted employment area or $1,050,000 elsewhere, alongside a ten-job creation requirement.
View program →Not sure which route fits your situation
Investment thresholds, permit lengths and paths to citizenship differ by program, and several have changed materially in the past year. A short consultation is usually enough to narrow the options that still apply to you.
Book a Consultation Read Our PublicationsThis page is provided for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Program status, investment thresholds and procedural requirements are subject to change by the relevant governments and may change again after publication. For advice specific to your circumstances, please contact our legal team directly.